The Scriptum Blog / Workshop

The making of an Italian leather bound journal

In a quest for some exciting new lines for this spring, we decided it was time to pay a visit to one of our suppliers to see exactly how their leather bound journals are made. We like to know precisely where our stock comes from, as we want to be able to talk with confidence about every detail of a product’s journey: its materials, its history, its creation. Provenance is important; before becoming part of your story, a journal has a tale of its own. 

Piacenza
Amarcord is an Italian bindery based in Piacenza, a beautiful cobbled and campanile-dotted town halfway between Milan and Bologna. The company’s name is a local dialect word for “I remember” in a rather nostalgic sense - very fitting for a maker of journals, the repositories of memories and dreams. We have been working with Amarcord for a number of years, and as well as many of our best-selling journals, they also supply some of our music manuscript journals, wine records and restaurant books, so we were rather excited to meet the craftsmen who make them.

Amarcord is run by third generation leathersmith Sergio, whose grandfather set up the company, originally to make leather luggage and belts, shortly after returning from the second world war. Sergio's father eventually took over the business, and then Sergio in his turn, building on the years of family experience in leatherwork to specialise in journals and binding. He works closely with his colleague Daniela, who is Piacenza born and bred, and passionate about not only Amarcord journals but all the produce and history of their region. When not hard at work in the workshop itself, Sergio and Daniela sit in their office at patchwork leather desks (made in-house, naturally) drinking fragrant espresso and arranging the distribution of their journals all around the world.

Amarcord office

 The workshop is a light, airy building a few miles from the city centre, filled with the heavy scent of leather, paper, and glue, and the clatter and whir of machines ticking over, waiting to be used by the small team of leatherworkers. With this artisan style of production, each journal comes under Sergio's watchful eye and allows him to ensure the quality of every piece is up to his standards. 

Workshop

The journal-making process begins with the leather. The leather for our Verona journals comes from the Veneto, where the cow hides are tanned, dyed, and greased to give their distinctive soft suede-like texture. The leather for our Trieste journals and Embossed Window journals with a smoother, shinier finish, comes from nearby Tuscany. Amarcord have dozens of other styles and colours of hides stacked in rolls along one wall of the workshop - it’s difficult to pass by without stroking each one to feel the grain and finish, and nigh on impossible for us to decide which we want to use for our order. After poking, prodding and a good deal of sniffing, we finally pick out our favourites to make up the journals which will arrive in Oxford in the spring.

 Leather hides

Leather

Once we have selected the type of leather, it is taken it to the cutting press. Sergio chooses a sharp-edged press, exactly like an industrial-strength cookie-cutter, for whichever shape of cover he needs, and positions it carefully on top of the hide. The heavy stamp is brought down hydraulically, pushing the sharp edge of the press cleanly through the tough leather to leave the basic shape of the journal, and sometimes a double hole for a tie-closure. Stamp cutting leather

If it is a hardback, the leather now needs to be attached to a thick layer of mount board to give it stiffness and shape. For spines with the traditional ridges, a piece of ridged board is also added to give the leather its characteristic shape after a short stint in a curved spine press. Now comes the embossing. Metal blocking dies with a bewildering array of patterns are neatly filed in drawers, ready to stamp their pattern onto the leather. To do this, the die is positioned in a stamping machine which heats the metal to 125°C before bringing it down on the leather. The heat and the pressure stamp the pattern indelibly onto the leather’s surface.  Spine press and die drawer

Embossing die

Embossing machine

The next step is the block; a bound collection of pages to put inside the journal. Amarcord use Italian-made book blocks with 85gsm acid-free paper as standard (120gsm for sketch books). The leaves within the block are stitched together as well as glued at the spine, leaving the pages firmly and tightly bound even if the journal is opened completely flat or folded back on itself. Laura Berretti, an expert in traditional Italian marbling techniques, also sends Amarcord blocks with hand-marbled edges from her atelier in Florence. These are the blocks used in our Trieste journals. For books with handmade paper, luxurious deckle-edged Amatruda Amalfi paper is stitched together by hand in the workshop to create the block from scratch. Blocks

Handmade paper block

If the block needs to be resized, or mount board cut, there are a pair of guillotines for the job. One is a modern machine, which you have to press two buttons about a metre apart to operate - the idea is that as you need two hands to bring the guillotine down, you can't accidentally chop off your own fingers by mistake! The other looks more like a medieval decapitation device than an innocent bindery tool; a manually operated, meter-long, razor-sharp blade which comes chopping down with a sinister swish to cleave easily though the thickest mount board.

Guillotines

Once the block has been selected and trimmed to size, it is time to unite it with the cut-out and embossed leather. In a few quick, deft motions, the block is run through a revolving press, a bit like a mangle. This coats it with a fine layer of glue from the roller, which is fed from a bubbling pot of the treacly liquid. The block is snatched from the roller immediately, then aligned with and pressed onto the leather cover by hand, binding the two firmly and evenly together. It is then put in another press for five minutes while the glue dries. While the team at Amarcord make all this look easy, moving with the assurance and dexterity born of long practice, we Scriptonians kept our hands safely tucked in our pockets, imagining accidentally gluing our fingers to that inexorably revolving mangle. 

Gluing process

If the journal has any extra features, such as a tie closure, this is the time to add them. A thin leather thong, stamped out of leather by the same process as the journal covers, is looped carefully through the holes; a fiddly process. Then a beechwood bead, sourced from Bergamo (just north of Milan) is threaded on to make a toggle closure, and the ends of the thong neatly tied and snipped. Leather tie and bead closure

And finally, the journal is finished! Although we have been working with Amarcord for several years, it was inspiring and somehow humbling to see how much attention to detail, how many years of experience go into producing each and every journal handmade in their workshop. It all comes back to provenance: if you know where something comes from, you can be assured of not only its quality, but the tradition in which its making is rooted. It was fascinating to discover the story behind each part of our journals, and to meet the people whose passion for traditional leatherwork keep us journal-lovers supplied with the objects of our desire. We can’t wait for the new styles we have ordered to arrive!

Scriptum meets Amarcord 

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In the workshop with Bomo Art in Budapest

If you have ever been in our shop on Turl Street, you might have noticed that we are rather enthusiastic about our products. In the last week or so, I have heard my colleagues saying "Sir, of course your study needs a hand-crafted model of the Duomo. Every study does." "Feel that gorgeous leather, isn't it as soft as butter?" "This fountain pen is an absolute joy to write with - it almost floats across the page." Yesterday I myself had an animated and thoroughly enjoyable 15 minute argument with a customer about the relative merits of two minutely differing shades of brown ink. He may have won, but I stand by Saddle Brown unto the death.
Not a word of what we say is disingenuous, and neither are we mad. The reason we get so evangelical about the things we sell is is because we know how much love and care goes into making every single one. Last week, some of the Scriptum staff went to visit our favourite suppliers, Bomo Art, and saw their workshop in Budapest where some of our journals, folders, and music manuscript books are made. This is how the journals start out, as piles of leather and paper:
Then the component parts are accurately cut to size using some truly excellent traditional equipment - including an old standing press and a hundred-year-old Viennese guillotine!
 
 
When the boards, leather and paper are ready, the pages are bound into the cover by hand. Every single journal has its spine finished by stretching the leather over a complex little set up involving a wooden vice, lots of string, and most importantly, a truly expert pair of hands to ensure the bumps on the binding of the spine are neat and even:
 
Finally, the journal is complete. All that remains is choosing from all the beautiful different colours and papers for the ones that we think you'll like best! 
You can understand how actually seeing all this care and attention devoted to each individual item makes us feel very proud of our products, and want to shout about just how fantastic they are. We will have some lovely new designs arriving from Bomo Art before Christmas, so keep your eyes out for them on our website. And next time you come into the shop, you'll forgive us if you hear us earnestly telling a fresh-faced new university student that that a handmade journal is absolutely a better thing to spend your student loan on than groceries... because we really believe it. 
P.S. While we were in Budapest, we found some exciting new products from some new suppliers who, like Bomo Art, are real craftsmen who care about every tiny detail. Their products are handmade, immense fun, and something completely different from anything else we stock... Curious? Keep an eye out for the next Scriptum newsletter (sign up on our homepage) for details. 
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